Can a set of a shear-off bolt connector with an insulation cuff, that is called СБТК, be used in the same cases as leak-proof insulated ferrules?

No, as these two variants have different designs.
Bolt connectors are fixed with the help of shear-off bolts, whereas insulated ferrules are fixed by crimping. Branch, phase and neutral ferrules have an inbuilt plastic case designed for protection from most. The set СБТК has heat shrinkable sleeves for this purpose. The CБТК set can be used as a substitute for branch and phase ferrules, but not neutral ferrules because neutral ferrules bear axial load, but shear off bolt connectors cannot do this task.